Quiz 5
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A drug that amplifies the effect of the neurotransmitter is called____
agonist
A(n) ___ drug works by blocking the effects of a neurotransmitter
antagonist
When we say that someone is addicted to a drug, we mean____
• preoccupation with obtaining a drug • compulsive use of the drug in spite of adverse consequences • high tendency to relapse after quitting
Tracy no longer experiences the same High when she uses her drug of choice. She notices that she has been taking larger and larger doses just to try to achieve the same experience that is small does used to create. Tracy is experiencing___
tolerance
heroin, codeine, and morphine are all___
opioids
ethanol (alcohol) generally does NOT produce ____
.
alcohol produces its effects by
133
nicotine
• primary psychoactive and addictive agent in tobacco • in short puffs it has stimulating effects • large doses can cause nausea, vomit, headache and even seizures
at a concert last night, jasmine used a drug that stimulated the release of dopamine and serotonin in her brain. it acted as stimulant, producing increased energy, sociability, and sexual arousal, and it also acted as a hallucinogen, producing mild hallucinations. what drug did jasmine use?
Ecstasy (MDMA)
our brains naturally produce two cannabinoids, anandamide and 2-AG, which have many effects on cannabinoid receptors throughout our brains. What recreational drug acts on these same receptors?
Marijuana (THC)
the mesolimbocortical dopamine system has been identified as
location of the major drug reward system
all of the following are important brain regions included in the mesolimbocortical dopamine systems, except for the
-nucleus accumbens - medial forebrain bundle ventral tegmental area
all of the following are important brain regions included in the mesolimbocortical dopamine systems, except for the
• nucleus accumbens • medial forebrain bundle • ventral tegmental area
Research has shown that human participants you have the greatest increase in____ activity and nucleus accumbens experience the most intense “highs” from drug use
dopamine
studies have shown that ____ increase(s) activity in nucleus accumbens
food, water, sexual stiulation
in a stage paradox, PET scan research has demonstrated that chronic drug users actually have ___dopamine receptors and activity. This may create a “reward deficiency syndrome” in these individuals
diminished/lowered
Evidence suggests that cocaine abusers have malformed dendrites and disrupted functioning in the___, which impairs judgment and decision-making
prefrontal cortex
what kind of medical treatment strategies have been used for drug addiction?
-Alcohol:
twin adoption studies suggest that
Heritably for… • alcoholism= 50%-60% • hallucinogens= 50% • cocaine= 72%