Topic 2 Programming

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

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Front (Question)

Describe a variable.

Back (Answer)

A named location in the computers memory to store a single value which can change during the execution of a program. Eg radiusOfCircle

Front (Question)

Describe a constant.

Back (Answer)

A named location in the computers memory to store a single value which CANNOT change during the execution of a program. Eg the value of Pi.

Front (Question)

What is an identifier?

Back (Answer)

The NAME of a variable, constant, procedure or function.

Front (Question)

What is meant by assignment?

Back (Answer)

Setting the specific value of a variable. Eg number = 2 means assign the value 2 to the variable called ‘number’.

Front (Question)

List the arithmetic operators.

Back (Answer)

+, -, *, /, MOD, DIV, ^

Front (Question)

Describe the arithmetic operator MOD

Back (Answer)

Modulus division. Returns the remainder after dividing one number by another. Eg 5 MOD 2 = 1

Front (Question)

Describe the arithmetic operator DIV

Back (Answer)

Quotient division. Returns the whole number ignoring any remainder after dividing one number by another. Eg 5 DIV 2 = 2

Front (Question)

Describe the the arithmetic operator ^

Back (Answer)

Exponential or power-of. Eg 3^2 = 9 (3 squared)

Front (Question)

Describe the order or operations in arithmetic operators.

Back (Answer)

BIDMAS - Brackets, Indices, Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction

#10

Front (Question)

What are relational operators used for?

Back (Answer)

To compare different items of data.

#11

Front (Question)

List/describe the 6 relational operators

Back (Answer)

= Equal To <> Not Equal To < Less Than > Greater Than <= Less Then or Equal To >= Greater Than or Equal To

#12

Front (Question)

What are logical operators used for?

Back (Answer)

To combine statements which can be evaluated as TRUE or FALSE.

#13

Front (Question)

Name the three logical operators.

Back (Answer)

AND, OR, NOT

#14

Front (Question)

Describe the AND logical operator

Back (Answer)

The overall statement is true only if ALL of the individual statements are true.

#15

Front (Question)

Describe the OR logical operator.

Back (Answer)

The overall statement is true if ANY of the individual statements are true.

#16

Front (Question)

Describe the NOT logical operator.

Back (Answer)

Used to reverse the logical state of other operators.

#17

Front (Question)

What are the three main programming constructs?

Back (Answer)

Sequence, Selection & Iteration

#18

Front (Question)

Describe the sequence construct.

Back (Answer)

Executing lines of code in the order they are written.

#19

Front (Question)

Describe the selection construct.

Back (Answer)

Choosing which lines of code to execute based on a condition being true or false.

#20

Front (Question)

Describe the iteration construct.

Back (Answer)

Repeating lines of code either for a set number of times, or while a condition is true.

#21

Front (Question)

List and describe the five main data types.

Back (Answer)

Integer - Whole numbers. Real - Numbers which include fractions/decimals. Boolean - one of two values - usually True or False. Character - A single letter, number or symbol. String - A sequence of characters.

#22

Front (Question)

What is meant by a ‘string literal’?

Back (Answer)

Characters enclosed in quotation marks. Eg name = “Billy” - Billy is the string literal.

#23

Front (Question)

Describe ‘string concatenation’.

Back (Answer)

Joining two strings together. For example: fname = "Billy" sname = "Smith" fullname = fname + sname (concatenated)

#24

Front (Question)

Describe an array.

Back (Answer)

An array is a data structure which can store multiple data items using a single identifier/name. Elements of the array are accessed using an index number which starts from 0.