rocks and minerals
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igneous rocks based on appearance
granite - phaneritic - big enough crystals to see basalt - aphaneritic - too tiny to see obsidian - glossy - no visible crystals feldspar - porphyritic - mixed texture
igneous chemical composition
quartz - felsic - high silica pyroxene - mafic - low silica diorite - andesitic - moderate olivine - ultramafic - very low
sedimentary clastic
conglomerate - gravel - coarse shale - mud - very fine
sedimentary chemical
chalk - calcite - CaCO3 rock salt - halite - NaCl
sedminatary organic
limestone, coal
oldest rock (~4B yrs old) found in Acasta River, Canada
Gneiss
lighest rock
Pumice
3 types of rock
igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic
examples of metamorphic rocks
slate - foliated-layered - thin layers gneiss - foliated-banded - stripes marble - nonfikiated
transportation of rocks
erosion
breaking down of rocks
weathering