Chemistry of the environment
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What is the test for water? positive result?
Anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride or Anhydrous copper(II) sulfate Copper sulfate turns blue Cobalt chloride turns blue -> pink
Why is distilled water used in the laboratory
Fewer chemical impurities
How is drinking water filtered? 4 parts. Why is carbon used?
• Sediments sink to the bottom of the tank • Course gravel removes large dirt • Fine gravel and sand remove small particles • Chlorine gas kills bacteria Carbon removes tastes and odors
Components of air 4
78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.9% argon, 0.04% carbon dioxide + other noble gases
Air pollutants 5 + what they cause
• Carbon dioxide - global warming • carbon monoxide - respiratory problems • methane - global warming • Nitrogen oxides - acid rain • Sulfur dioxide - acid rain
What is acid rain?
Burning fossil fuels creates sulfur dioxide which mixes with water and air to create sulfuric acid. Nitrogen monoxide is oxidised into Nitrogen dioxide + water -> nitric acid causing brown haze.
Devastation caused by acid rain
Sulfur: Structure damage, Pollute water sources and soil. Nitrogen: Particulates and Nitrogen dioxide cause respiratory diseases
How to reduce climate change and acid rain?
• Renewable energy Trees Reduce fossil fuels and livestock • Burning low sulfur fuels