Endocrine: Adrenal Medulla
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produces catecholamines
Adrenal Medulla
Adrenal Medulla is composed of _____ cells
Chromaffin cells
Precursor for catecholamines
L-Tyrosine
Produced in the peripheral nerve tissue
Norepinephrine
Little tissue storage rapid degradation
Epinephrine
Tyramine provoked release; major source using Metabolite
Norepinephrine
Urine excretion <20 ug/24hr
Epinephrine
Urine excretion <100 ug/24hr
Norepinephrine
NOREPINEPHRINE Heart Rate Peripheral Vascular Resistant Chromaffin Cell Tumor
Decrease - Heart Rate Increase - Peripheral Vascular Resistant Often - Chromaffin Cell Tumor
EPINEPHRINE Heart Rate Peripheral Vascular Resistant Chromaffin Cell Tumor
Increase - Heart Rate Decrease - Peripheral Vascular Resistant Rare - Chromaffin Cell Tumor
EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE Arterial Blood Pressure Skin and Renal Blood flow Blood Glucose Level
Increased - Arterial Blood Pressure Decreased - Skin and Renal Blood flow Increased - Blood Glucose Level
Tumor of adrenal medulla; overproduction of catecholamines
Pheochromocytoma
Pheochromocytoma test:
• Plasma metanephrine and normetanephrineb y HPLC • Clonidine supression test • Glucagon supression test
Fatal malignancy in children; excess norepinephrine
Neuroblastoma
Neuroblastoma Method:
Urine: Pisano Method HPLC or GMCS
Neuroblastoma Specimen: Px preparation:
Specimen: Plasma PRECHILLED EDTA tube and 24 hrs urine Px preparation: Overnight fasting, No smoking, No coffee atleast 4 hrs prior; Rst for 20-30 mins
First responders to stress, promotes fight-or-flight response
Catecholamines