Ionic Bonding
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How are ions formed?
by electron loss or gain. normally in order to gain a full outer shell.
What are the two types of ions?
cations: positively charged - lost an electron anions: negatively charged - gained an electron
How do you determine the charge of an atom/ion?
number of protons - number of electrons
What is the charge of an atom (NOT AN ION)?
0 because the number of protons and electrons are the same (atomic number)
What are the charges of ions in groups 1, 2 and 3
They form cations group 1: 1+ group 2: 2+ group 3: 3+
What are the charges of ions in groups 5, 6, and 7?
They form anions group 5: 3- group 6: 2- group 7: 1-
What are the charges of Ag, Cu, Fe1 and Fe2, Pb and Zn?
Ag+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Pb2+, Zn2+
What are the charges of hydrogen, hydroxide, ammonium, carbonate, nitrate and sulfate?
H+, OH-, (NH4)+, (CO3)2-, (NO3)3-, (SO4)2-
What are the compounds form with the ions we learned?
AgCl - silver chloride CuO - copper (ii) oxide FeCl2 - iron (ii) chloride FeCl3 - iron (iii) chloride PbO - lead (ii) oxide ZnS - zinc sulfide Hydrogen compounds: H20 - water HCl - hydrochloric acid H2SO4 - sulfuric acid Ionic Compounds: NH4OH - ammonium hydroxide NaOH - sodium hydroxide K2CO3 - potassium carbonate NaNo3 - sodium nitrate CaSO4 - calcium sulfate