Lecture: Cognitive Science and the real world

-False memory is when people mistake suggestions by an interviewer (scientists, policeman, or therapist, for example) as actual memories. -“Lost in the mall” scenario -“Meeting Bugs Bunny at Disney World” scenario There are lots of people in jail because of implanted memories of childhood abuse caused by well intentioned therapists.

-Case-based reasoning (CBR) is an artificial intelligence paradigm that reasons about what to do by retrieving similar situations from memory. -Lawyers need to find similar legal cases to the case they’re working on. -These can be retrieved by using a case, keywords, or principles as a query. -CBR has also been successful for help desks.

• things like diagnosis, medical information retrieval, image and recognition • Many are not used because they do not fit in with how the medical establishment works • Some of the earliest AI programs were made to diagnose patients. They are “expert systems” which are Ais intended to mimic the behaviour of human experts • If medical data were allowed to be used with AI, a lot more lives would be saved

• Usefulness: How effective is the computer/software at what it is supposed to do? • Usability: How easy is the software to use? • Learnability: How easy is it to learn how to use the software?

-George Lakoff has a popular theory that we think about abstract concepts as metaphors with more basic, usually bodily concepts -E.g., love is a journey, characterized by “the relationship was not going anywhere,” etc. -His book Moral Politics describes how conservatives use a “strict father” metaphor of government and liberals use a “nurturant parent” metaphor.

-Classical period: economics allied with psychology Neo-Classical period: View that humans were rational: HomoEconomicus, or “rational man” assumption -Psychology and Cognitive Science influence (beginning with Tversky ,Kahneman, and Herbert Simon) shows the flaws in the homo economicusn assumption.

• Part of a tradition of Game playing AI’s - What would a program need to be able to do what Watson did

• Using computer visualization to help analysts understand data • Can visualize whale patterns

• Has a lot of HCI and computer interactions issues - Virtual reality is the future but its also been the future for a very long time

• Small size • Mid size • Humanoid robots • Dog soccer ( if they picked up the dog in the middle of the game, its probabilities were thrown off) • As the sizes of the robots get bigger, the game gets less exciting and slower.