Exam 3: Patient Skills - March 10th PP
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To prevent pressure injuries, a patient should be in a position in bed for a maximum of ___ hours
two
To prevent pressure injuries, a patient should be in a patient while sitting for a maximum of ___ minutes
15
If a patient has increased risk factors, they should be repositioned more ____ to prevent a pressure injury
frequently
List the 13 factors that could increase susceptibility to pressure injuries
decreased mobility fragile skin skin breakdown incontinence impaired sensation impaired circulation cachexia muscle atrophy postural impairment friction/shear nutritional deficiencies impaired cognition medication
If a patient is lying supine, what are the possible pressure points that could develop a pressure injury
occipital protuberance scapula olecranon sacrum calcaneus
If a patient is side lying, what are the possible pressure points that could develop a pressure injury
ear acromion process greater trochanter medial and lateral condyles of femur lateral malleolus
If a patient is lying prone, what are the possible pressure points that could develop a pressure injury
zygoma acromion process breasts pubic symphysis patella metatarsals
If a patient is in a wheel chair, what is the possible pressure point that could develop a pressure injury
ischial tuberosity
The goals of positioning a patient after a total hip arthroplasty from a posterolateral approach are avoid hip flexion beyond ___ to ____ avoid hip adduction past ___ avoid hip internal rotation past ___-
60 to 90 0 0
What are the three goals of positional a patient after a THA
avoid hip flexion beyond 60 to 90 avoid hip adduction past 0 avoid hip internal rotation past 0
A patient should be lying ____ with an abduction wedge in between their legs. The patient should hip _____ in sidelying
supine; adduction
The goals of positioning a patient after a CVA with hemiplegia include prevent _____ prevent wrist and hand ___ avoid ____ of the hemiplegic shoulder
contractures edema distraction
What are the three goals of positioning a patient after a CVA with hemiplegia
prevent contractures prevent hand and wrist edema avoid distraction of the hemiplegic shoulder
What are the five common patterns of contracture development after positioning a patient with a CVA with hemiplegia
scapular retraction shoulder adduction, flexion, and internal rotation elbow, wrist, and finger flexion hip adduction, flexion, and internal rotation knee flexion ankle plantarflexion
What are the two positions that a patient post CVA can lay in with adequate support/cushion
supine and side lying
When positioning a patient after a LE amputation, we SHOULD • keep the hips in ____ rotation • ____ the knee • _____ sitting time with the knee flexed • avoid pressures on ___-___ surgical sites
neutral extend minimize non-healed
When positioning a patient after a LE amputation, we SHOULD NOT • Place a pillow under the ___, ___, or ___-___. • Allow the patient to lie with the knees ___ or to ___ legs
hip, knee, low back flexed; cross