Modes of Speciation

allopatric, sympatric, parapatric, peripatric

A geographical barriers between species

genetic polymorphism (evolution of a new species from a surviving ancestor, inhabiting the same area)

partial spatial isolation (across large area where geographical variances occur and specific mutations may increase survival)

isolation of a population of the periphery, a new species evolves from an isolated peripheral species

group of similar individuals that are capable of sharing genes and breeding/inbreeding

one species splits into two or more separate species. Requires an isolating mechanisms to limit or prevent gene flow

number & range of different species that exist

• Variation Must have different genotypes • Isolation Different groups of population prevented from interbreeding Prevents gene flow -> stops differences from one population reaching another Via oceans, rivers, mountains, temperature etc. • Selection Natural selection occurs

intrinsic characteristics of species that reduce or prevent successful reproduction with members of other species.

geographical, temporal, behavioural, reproductive

Prezygotic and postzygotic