Topic #7: Integumentary System
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What are the components of the Integumentary System?
Cutaneous Membrane & Subcutaneous Layer (Hypodermis)
What are the functions of the Integumentary System?
Protection, temp maintenance, synthesis and storage of nutrients, sensory reception, excretion or secretion
Describe the Epidermis
Stratified Squamous Epithelium -Several distinct layers
How many layers (epidermis) of skin do we have on our palms and soles?
5 layers
How many layer are there for the rest of the body (apart from thick skin)?
4 layers
What are the cell layers of the Epidermis?
Stratum Basale (Germinating), Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Lucidum (in thick skin only), Stratum Corneum
What is the basale cell layer?
Cell Division layer, source of replacement cells
What is the function of Melanocytes?
Synthesize melanin
What are the sources of Skin Color?
Melanin, Carotene, Hemoglobin
Define Melanin
Provides UV protection, gives reddish-brown to brown-black color
Define Carotene
Provides orange-yellow color, provided from Diet
Define Hemoglobin
Blood pigment
What are the cell layers of the dermis?
Papillary Layer, Reticular Layer
What is the papillary layer of the dermis?
Loose connective tissue, underlies epidermis
What is the Reticular Layer of the Dermis?
Dense connective tissue, underlies papillary layer
What are Epidermal Accessory Organs
Sweat Glands
Which organ systems do other dermal components communicate with?
Nervous, Cardiovascular, Lymphatic
Defined the Subcutaneous Layer
Hypodermis, Stabilizes Skin position, thermal insulation, cushions organs, (deposit of) Hypodermic Needles
What is the Hypodermis?
Loose connective tissue, adipose tissue
What are the Accessory Structures of the Hair Follicle?
Hair, Shaft, Medulla, Cortex, Cuticle, Arrector Pili Muscle
What is the Arrector Pili Muscle responsible for?
Goosebumps, your hair standing up
What are the Accessory structures of the Sebaceous glands (oil glands)?
Holocrine gland, Oily secretion (sebum), Hair shaft lubricant
How is an ingrown hair formed?
skin covers hair, bounces back to hair follicle (becomes a pimple like structure)
What is the Apocrine Gland?
PUBERTY SMELL, associated with hair: Odorous secretion, absent before puberty, present in axilla (armpits), thoracic (chest), groin