Bio
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Define mitosis.
The process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells.
True or false: Mitosis occurs in somatic cells.
TRUE Somatic cells are all body cells except sperm and egg cells.
What is the first phase of mitosis?
Prophase
Fill in the blank: Anaphase is when chromosomes are pulled apart to ______.
opposite poles
Define cytokinesis.
The division of the cytoplasm, resulting in two separate cells.
What happens during telophase?
Chromosomes de-condense, and nuclear envelopes reform around each set.
True or false: Meiosis is the same as mitosis.
FALSE Meiosis results in four non-identical cells, while mitosis results in two identical cells.
What is the role of spindle fibers in mitosis?
They help separate chromosomes during cell division.
Define chromatid.
Each half of a duplicated chromosome, joined at the centromere.
Fill in the blank: Interphase is the phase where the cell ______ before mitosis.
prepares for division
What is the digestive system responsible for?
Breaking down food into nutrients for the body.
True or false: The small intestine absorbs most nutrients.
TRUE The small intestine is the primary site for nutrient absorption.
What organ produces bile?
The liver
Fill in the blank: The esophagus connects the throat to the ______.
stomach
Define respiratory system.
The system responsible for gas exchange, primarily oxygen and carbon dioxide.
What is the main organ of the respiratory system?
The lungs
True or false: The trachea is also known as the windpipe.
TRUE The trachea conducts air to and from the lungs.
Fill in the blank: Alveoli are tiny air sacs where ______ occurs.
gas exchange
What is the function of the diaphragm?
It helps in breathing by contracting and relaxing.
Define circulatory system.
The system that transports blood, nutrients, gases, and wastes throughout the body.
What is the heart’s primary function?
To pump blood throughout the body.
True or false: Veins carry blood away from the heart.
FALSE Veins carry blood back to the heart; arteries carry blood away.
Fill in the blank: The aorta is the largest artery in the ______.
body
What do red blood cells transport?
Oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues.