Ozone: Gas Calcukations
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What 2 regions of space are chemically important
Stratosphere Troposphere
What region is closer to earth ( between stratosphere and troposphere)
• Troposphere is closer as it is lower ( 10 km away ) to earth • Stratosphere is further away as it is higher( 50km away ) to earth
What does ppm stand for
Parts per million
What does 29ppm of CO2 mean
In a million particles of air there are 29 CO2 molecules present
How do you convert ppm to % composition
Divide by 10 000
How do you convert % composition to ppm
x 10 000
For carbon dioxide what is the main source of human activity
• Combustion of hydrocarbon fuels 2. Factories
For methane what is the main source of human activity
• Cattle farming • Landfill sites • Rice paddy fields • Natural gas leakage
For nitrous oxide what is the main source of human activity
• Fertilised soils 2. Changes in land use
For carbon monoxide’s what is the main source of human activity
• Incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons 2.
For nitrogen oxides will what is the main source of human activity
• Internal combustion engines
What are primary pollutants
• CxHy • NOx • CO
What are the sources of primary pollutants
• Vehicles • Industries • Domestic sources
Definition of secondary pollutants
Breakdown of primary pollutants by sunlight
Definition of ozone stratosphere
• Acts as a sunscreen for earth - Absorbs harmful UV
Definition of ozone troposphere
• is a pollutant - causes photochemical smog
Definition of photochemical smog
Mixture of both kind of pollutants
Problems with photochemical smog
• haziness • reduces visibility • eye & nose irritation • respiratory problems ( already asthmatic)