2.2 pH and Salinity
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element
a substance which cannot be further divided into simpler substances by chemical methods; all elements are listed on the Periodic Table
compound
a substance formed by a chemical combination of two or more elements in fixed proportions
solute
a substance that dissolves in a liquid ( the solvent) to form a solution
solvent
the liquid that dissolves the solid solute to form a solution; water is the most common solvent
solution
formed when a substance ( solute) dissolves into another substance ( solvent)
insoluble
the description of a substance that does not dissolve in a particular solvent
salts
ionic compounds that can be made by the neutralisation of an acid with an alkali
ions
charged particles made from an atom or group of atoms
estuary
A partially enclosed, tidal, coastal body of water; it is where freshwater from a river meets the saline water of the ocean
neutral
having a pH = 7
acidic
A solution containing H+ ions in water; such a solution has a pH below 7
alkaline
A solution containing OH- Iions in water; such a solution has a pH above 7
pH scale
a scale running from 0 to 14, used for expressing the acidity or alkalinity of a solution; a neutral solution has a pH7