Ch 10 Nuclear Physics
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What is the mass of a proton or neutron?
1 amu Amu= atomic mass unit
What is the mass number?
The number of protons and neutrons in an atom
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons This is what defines the element the atom is.
What are Isotopes
Atoms with the same element with different number of neutrons. Different isotopes have different abundances in the universe
What is the atomic mass?
The weighted average of all isotopes of an element. The average mass of a single atom.
What is atomic notation
Mass# atomic# SYMBOL
What is radioactive decay
• Some isotopes nuclei are unstable • Pieces are split off at a measurable constant rate • the pieces spit out are radiation • makes one atom become another
Parent and daughter isotopes
Parent- one that is originally in the sample Daughter- one that’s left after falls apart
Half life
• The rate of decay - The amount of time it takes for half of the parent to turn in to the daughter
Alpha decay
A helium nucleus spits off 4 2 He
Beta decay
A neutron falls apart 0 -1 e
Gamma decay
A shaking of the nucleus 0 0 breast cancer ribbon
Law of conservation of matter
• Matter cannot be created or destroyed it can only change forms. • Results in balanced equations.
4 2 He What is the 4? What is the 2?
• The 4 is the mass number, which is the number of protons plus the number of neutrons • The 2 is the atomic number or number of protons which is the same as the number of neutrons