Weather/Climate
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What is Weather ?
The specific day-day conditions in an area
What is climate?
The average of conditions in an area over time
Factors affecting climate (4) :
Latitude Elevation Air masses Nearness to large bodies of water
What is Latitude give an example:
Latitude is the angle measured north to south from the equator EX: Canada is colder than the United States
What is elevation? Give an example:
The height of land measured above sea level EX: Mount Everest has the highest elevation number
What is air masses? Give an example :
Large portions of air with uniform temperature and humidity EX: there is humid air in America
What is nearness to large bodies of water? Give an Example:
Keeps the temperature more consistent EX: we get a lot of snow because we are closer to a lot of water
What causes weather?
All weather on earth is caused by energy coming from the sun(solar radiation)
What drives weather processes?
Infrared radiation, the only electromagnetic radiation from the sun that provides heat
What are the percents of suns energy hitting earth?
70% is absorbed 30% is reflected
What is insolation? Give an example:
Is the amount of solar energy hitting an area EX: it is greater at the equator then the poles because the suns rays hit the equator most, why it’s so hot
What is albedo? Give an example:
The ability a material has to reflect light and heat EX: snow has high albedo, while a rock doesn’t
What are the 3 components of a biosphere?
Lithosphere Hydrosphere Atmosphere
Where does weather happen?
In the earths biosphere
What is lithosphere?
Solid part of the earth
What is hydrosphere?
Liquid part of the earth
What is atmosphere?
Gas part of the earth, affect by climate
What is a carbon source? Give an example:
Is any process that releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. EX: a land fill releases a lot of carbon dioxide because of all the decaying
What do carbon sources affect?
Global warming, by adding more greenhouse gasses that trap in the suns heat
What is carbon sink? Give an example:
Is any process that takes carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere and stores it EX: plants hold carbon dioxide in their tissues.
What does carbon sink affect?
Global warming, the more carbon sinks the less greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere of to trap heat
What are the 3 main greenhouse gasses:
Carbon dioxide Methane Nitrous oxide
What is global warming potential?
The ability of a gas to trap thermal energy over time
What is persistence?
The length of time a gas remains in the atmosphere