Blood
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What are the 4 main types of blood for humans?
A B AB O
What are the 4 main components of blood?
Red Blood Cells White Blood Cells Platelets Plasma
Where are Red Blood Cells created?
In the Bone Marrow !
Do Red Blood Cells have a Nucleus?
No. (Eukaryotic)
What allows Red Blood Cells to bind with Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide?
✨ Hemoglobin ✨
What do Red Blood Cells do?
They carry Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide.
What do White Blood Cells do?
They protect the Body from Diseases.
Do White Blood Cells have a Nucleus, and what can they do?
Yes, White Blood Cells have a Nucleus (Prokaryotic) They can move independently from the blood flow to attack invaders.
What do Platelets do?
They assist in clotting blood. They bind together to create barriers to stop blood flow.
What does Plasma do?
Its main purpose is to carry nutrients and waste to and from cells.
Which Human Blood Type is considered the ‘Universal Donor’?
O Negative :)
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide bind with what?
✨ Also Hemoglobin ✨
Why is Human Blood red?
Because a main ingredient in Hemoglobin is Iron.
Why are Horseshoe Crabs’ Blood blue?
They will blue blood due to the levels of Copper in the form of ✨ Hemocyanin ✨
Where is Green Blood found, and why is it green?
Green Blood is normally found in segmented worms, certain species of lizard & leeches (ew…). The Green colour is from a protein called ✨ Chlorocruorin ✨
Where does the Green colour in Lizard Blood come from?
A chemical called ✨ Biliverdin ✨, which is also the colour that can occur when someone get a bruise. Biliverdin usually occurs when Hemoglobin decomposes, but in some lizards, this is non life-threatening. Most Lizards with Green Blood actually have Red Blood, but the Biliverdin is so plentiful that it overwhelms the red colour. (sorry this was so longg)
Which animals have Purple Blood, and why?
Marine Worms (like Peanut Worms) This is caused by a protein called ✨ Hemerythrin ✨ Hemerythrin allows more oxygen to be binded with the blood, which is why mainly species that live in low-oxygen environments have it.
Which animals have Yellow or Green Tinted Blood, and why?
Mainly Insects and Invertebrates have Yellow/Green Tinted Blood. Their blood is technically called ✨ Hemolymph ✨ , and it’s typically clear. However, the colour may be impacted by the food the insect ingests.
Can human skin colour be impacted by food?
Yes! Eating excessive amounts of carrots and sweet potatoes can turn you an Orange colour ☺
What Aristotle’s description of the Heart in the 4th century depict?
A 3 chambered organ with a pointed bottom, rounded top and a depression(dip) between the 2 main chambers. This is also why ‘❤’ looks nothing like an actual heart.
How many chambers do mammals and birds have in their hearts?
4 Chambers !!
How does blood flow through the Heart?
The Right Atrium and Right Ventricle collects de-oxygenated blood from the body through the Vena Cava or the main veins to the Heart. From the Right Ventricle, the de-oxygenated blood is pushed to the Lungs through the Pulmonary Artery. Then, Oxygenated blood returns to the Heart and enters into the Left Atrium and Left Ventricle before being pushed towards the rest of the body through the Aorta (another long one, sorry)
How many chambers do Reptile and Amphibian Hearts have?
3 Chambers !!
How many chambers do Fish Hearts have?
2 Chambers !!