Topic 9 Organic chemistry
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1 What two elements are found in hydrocarbons?
carbon and hydrogen
2 Most hydrocarbons contain a chain of atoms of which element?
carbon
3 These chains of atoms are linked by covalent bonds. What are shared between atoms in a covalent bond?
electrons
4 How many atoms are there in the formula C6H12?
18
5 What is the formula for carbon dioxide?
CO2
6 What is the name of the hydrocarbon gas given off by rotting waste, paddy fields, livestock, and oil and gas exploration?
methane
7 In a dot and cross diagram, what do the dots and crosses represent?
electrons
8 How many electrons are shared in a single covalent bond?
2
9 What do alkenes contain that alkanes do not?
a C=C double bond
10 What term describes any hydrocarbon that contains a C=C double bond?
unsaturated
11 What is the name of the molecule with the molecular formula CH4?
methane
12 What elements are hydrocarbons made of?
hydrogen and carbon
13 Which homologous series do compounds with the general formula CnH2n+2 belong to?
alkanes
14 Name the alkane with three carbon atoms.
propane
15 Are alkanes saturated or unsaturated molecules?
saturated
16 What functional group do alkenes contain?
C=C
17 An alkene has 4 carbon atoms. How many hydrogen atoms does it have?
8
18 What is the smallest alkene to have an isomer due to the position of its double bond?
butene
19 Give the names of two substances that may be produced by incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons but not by complete combustion.
carbon monoxide and carbon
20 During combustion, oxidation occurs. What is oxidation?
addition of oxygen or loss of electrons
21 Name a natural carbohydrate found in ‘sweet’ foods.
e.g. sugar, sucrose, glucose, fructose
22 What elements are found in carbohydrates?
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
23 Name an alcoholic drink that can be made from grapes.
wine or brandy
24 State the kind of mixture that can be separated by fractional distillation.
mixture of liquids