Earth Science Weather
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What is weather?
The state of the atmosphere at a given time and place.
Humidity
is the amount of water vapor in the air.
Relative Humidity
is a comparison of the actual amount of water vapor in the air with the maximum amount of water vapor that can be present in air at a given temperature and pressure.
What type of air holds more water?
Warm air can hold more water.
Dew Point-What is it?
a measure of the amount of water vapor in the air.
What happens at the Dew Point ?
The air cools beyond the point of saturation and condensation occurs.
When do you see dew?
At night when the air cools below its dew point and the water vapor condenses on a surface such as grass.
high cloud
above about 7000 meters When stratiform and cumuliform clouds appear above 7000 meters they are cirrostratus- thin smooth or fibrous sheets that sometimes cause halos around the sun or moon and may indicate snow or rain cirrocumulus cirrus
middle clouds
When stratiform and cumuliform clouds appear at about 2000-7000 meters they are altostratus and altocumulus
low clouds
Below about 2000 meters stratus-clouds are layered low clouds nimbostratus-dark rain clouds that are layered and low. stratocumulus-clouds that form in layers and are fluffy with flat bases.
rain clouds
nimbus and nimbo-dark rain clouds
Air Masses are based on what two factors?
Cold or hot, moist or dry
How are fronts formed?
Fronts are the boundary of two opposing air masses. They are most common at mid-latitudes, where southward-moving polar air masses and northward-moving tropical air masses often meet.
What type of structures are most often hit by Lightning ?
More likely to hit protruding objects than flat ones.
Where is one of the worst places to hide during lightning?
Under a lone tree
What type of weather is associated with tornados?
Thunderstorms
Difference between a Tornado watch and a warning ?
Watch-chance that a severe thunderstorm may form. Warning-a severe thunderstorm is approaching
How are hurricanes formed?
They develop over warm water. Fueled by the heat water releases during condensation.
Difference between a Hurricane watch and a warning.
Watch-when meteorologists expect a hurricane to arrive in a community in 24-36 hours they issue a hurricane watch. Warning-when meteorologists expect a hurricane in less than 24 hours.
How are hurricanes named?
If they occur in the Pacific Ocean they are Typhoons and if they occur in the Atlantic ocean they are Hurricanes.
What is the difference between an Isobars and a Isotherms ?
Isobars - A line on a weather map that joins points having the same barometric pressure. Isotherms-a line drawn on a weather map through places having the same atmospheric temperature at a given time.