Enzyme
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What are enzymes
Enzymes function as biological catalysts and are made by all living cells. They speed up cellular reactions and are unchanged in the process
How does an enzyme reaction occur
During an enzyme controlled reaction the substrate binds to the active site of an enzyme (found on the surface).
How does the active site and substrate work
The shape of the active site of an enzyme molecule is complementary to its specific substrate(s).
What forms during the reaction
During an enzyme reaction an enzyme-substrate complex forms, facilitating the reaction.
Reaction types
Degradation - enzymes can break down large molecules into smaller ones. Synthesis - Enzymes can build up smaller molecules into larger one
When are enzymes most active
Each enzyme is most active in its optimum conditions.
What are enzymes affected by
Temperature Ph
What js optimum
The optimum temperature is the temperature at which the rate of enzyme activity is greatest.
What happens to enzymes at high temperatures
Enzymes are denatured by high temperatures as the heat causes the protein molecules to lose their shape so the substrate no longer fits. THIS IS IRREVERSIBLE
How does ph effect an enzyme
The shape of an enzyme can be affected by changes in pH and this will affect how well the enzymes work.