2. Hydrocarbons
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What is a fuel?
A substance which burns to release energy
What is a hydrocarbon?
A compound which contains hydrogen and carbon only
What is a homologous series?
A family of compounds which contain the following: • The same general formula • Similar chemical properties • Gradually changing physical properties
What is the order of prefixes for the amount of carbon atoms in a molecule?
• meth • eth • prop • but • pent • hex • hept • oct
What are isomers?
Compounds which have the same molecular formula but different structural formula
How can we determine if a compound is saturated or unsaturated?
The bromine test: • Alkane, saturated, no change in colour • Alkene, unsaturated, rapidly decolourises as C=C breaks and bromine “adds in”
What are addition reactions?
When a substance is added to an unsaturated (C=C) molecule. The double bond breaks and a saturated (C-C) is formed. The substance added joins to the two carbon atoms from the C=C