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Organic 1 Section 3 - Unit 16: Organic Analysis

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Total cards: 11•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (11)

#1
Front (Question)

Explain how infrared spectroscopy can be used to show that an aldehyde is definitely pentanal (2 marks)

Back (Answer)

• Compare spectrum of aldehyde with known spectrum of pentanal • Exact match

#2
Front (Question)

Test for primary and secondary alcohols (3)

Back (Answer)

• Potassium Dichromate • Orange • To green

#3
Front (Question)

Test for tertiary alcohols (3)

Back (Answer)

• Potassium Dichromate • Orange • Remains orange

#4
Front (Question)

Test for aldehydes (2)

Back (Answer)

• Tollens reagent • Silver mirror precipitate OR • Fehling’s reagent • Blue to brick red

#5
Front (Question)

Explain how you would distinguish between an alkane and an alkene (3)

Back (Answer)

• Bromine water • Orange to colourless with alkene • Remains orange with alkane

#6
Front (Question)

Test for Carboxylic Acid (3)

Back (Answer)

• Add sodium hydrogen carbonate • Then add limewater • If the solution turns cloudy, CO2 is present (and therefore it’s a carboxylic acid)

#7
Front (Question)

Explain what is meant by the fingerprint region of an infra-red spectrum and state how it is used to confirm the identity of organic molecules such as the primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols of molecular formula C4H8O (2 marks)

Back (Answer)

• Region 1500–400 cm–1 - Exact match to spectrum of known compound

#8
Front (Question)

Suggest one reason why Tollens’ reagent is used as the oxidising agent in the specific test for aldehydes rather than the less expensive acidified potassium dichromate(VI) (1 mark)

Back (Answer)

• Potassium dichromate(VI) will also give a positive test with alcohols

#9
Front (Question)

Outline a simple procedure to allow you to determine whether an alcohol is primary, secondary or tertiary (3 marks)

Back (Answer)

• Mix the alcohol with warm K2Cr2O7 (allows 3° identification by lack of reaction) • Distillation of initial product needed for 1° / 2° • Effect of Tollens’/Fehling’s on oxidation product to identify 1° or 2°

#10
Front (Question)

Explain which one of the compounds, propan-1-ol, propanal and propanoic acid will have the highest boiling point (3 marks)

Back (Answer)

• Propanoic acid • Contains hydrogen bonding • So intermolecular forces are stronger in propanoic acid

#11
Front (Question)

Describe how you would distinguish between AgBr and AgI (3 marks)

Back (Answer)

• Concentrated ammonia • AgBr - cream solid dissolves • AgI - does not dissolve