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AC20: Transition metals

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

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#1
Front (Question)

What are transition metals

Back (Answer)

D-block element that form at least one stable ion with a partially filled d orbital

#2
Front (Question)

What 2 d block elements are not transition metals

Back (Answer)

• Scandium • Zinc

#3
Front (Question)

What are the ionic properties of transition metals

Back (Answer)

• Multiple oxidation states • Form coloured ions in solutions • Often great catalysts • Form complexes with ligands

#4
Front (Question)

What is a ligand

Back (Answer)

A molecule which forms a dative bond with a transition metal

#5
Front (Question)

What is the co-ordination number of an ion

Back (Answer)

The number of ligands with a co-ordinate bond to the metal ion

#6
Front (Question)

What does the ligand do to bond with the transition metal ion

Back (Answer)

Donates a lone pair

#7
Front (Question)

What are the 4 main geometries for complex ions

Back (Answer)

• Octahedral • Tetrahedral • Square planar • Linear

#8
Front (Question)

When are octahedral complex ions commonly seen

Back (Answer)

With small ligands like water and ammonia

#9
Front (Question)

When are tetrahedral complex ions commonly seen

Back (Answer)

With large ligands like chloride

#10
Front (Question)

When are square planar complex ions commonly seen

Back (Answer)

With the metals Ni, Pd, Pt

#11
Front (Question)

When are linear complex ions seen

Back (Answer)

Only seen for Cu, Ag, Au

#12
Front (Question)

What type of isomerism can square planar complexes form

Back (Answer)

Cis/ trans

#13
Front (Question)

What 2 factors influence the shape of the complex ion

Back (Answer)

• Metal • Ligands

#14
Front (Question)

What type of isomer can octahedral molecules with 3 bidentate ligands form

Back (Answer)

Optical isomers

#15
Front (Question)

When ionising from what orbital are the electrons removed

Back (Answer)

From s-orbital

#16
Front (Question)

Why are electrons removed from the s orbital first

Back (Answer)

Since a orbital is slightly higher in energy than d orbital

#17
Front (Question)

What is a complex

Back (Answer)

A molecule with a transition metal ion in the middle with ligands co-ordinately / dative covalently bonded to them

#18
Front (Question)

What is a monodentate ligand

Back (Answer)

Ligand that only donates 1 lone pair to metal ion

#19
Front (Question)

What is a bidentate ligand

Back (Answer)

A ligand that donates 2 lone pairs to metal ion

#20
Front (Question)

What are the 2 shapes available for a metal ion coordinated by 4 lone pairs

Back (Answer)

• Tetrahedral • Square planar

#21
Front (Question)

For transition metal complexes, what 2 geometries do cis-trans isomers occur

Back (Answer)

• Square planar • Octahedral

#22
Front (Question)

For transition metal complexes what geometry do optical isomers occur

Back (Answer)

Octahedral

#23
Front (Question)

In an octahedral transition metal complex, where are the ligands positioned for the trans isomer

Back (Answer)

When the ligands of interest are 180 degrees, so at opposite ends of the complex

#24
Front (Question)

In an octahedral transition metal complex, at what angle are the ligands at for a cis isomer

Back (Answer)

90 degrees