L-6 Cardiovascular disease I
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AV valves and semilunar
AV = atrioventricular valve separate atrium and ventricle semilunar controls the blood flow to aorta and pulmonary artery
heart murmur
back flow of blood through a defective valve
self excitable
contract without any signals from the nervous system
SA node
sinoatrial or pacemaker sets rate and timing at which cardiac muscle cells contract
what can the impulses in the cardiac cycle be recorded as
electrocardiogram
blood composition
plasma 45% cellular elements
plasma
-90% water -contains inorganic salts in the form of dissolved ions (electrolyte) -contains plasma protein that influences ph, osmotic pressure and viscosity -functions: immunity, blood clotting, lipid transport
red blood cells
erythrocytes carry oxygen and carbon dioxide
white blood cells
leukocytes defence
platelets
no other name clotting
5 types of white blood cells where are they found?
• monocytes • neutrophils • basophils • eosinophils • lymphocytes they are found inside and outside the circulatory system produce antibodies and kill infected cells
platelets: blood clotting
normal haemostasis