ID Tests
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Amine + damp red litmus Observation Product Type of reaction
Turns blue Forms alkyl ammonium ion + OH- Acid/Base
Aldehyde + Fehling’s solution and heat Observation Product Type of reaction
Blue solution forms red ppt Forms carboxylic acid and CuO2(s) Oxidation
Alcohol + MnO4-/H+ Observation Product Type of reaction
Purple to colourless Forms carboxylic acid Oxidation
Acyl chloride + water Observation Product Type of reaction
Bubbles of HCl gas produced Forms carboxylic acid Substitution
Carboxylic acid + damp blue litmus Observation Product Type of reaction
Turns red forms carboxylate ion and H3O+ Acid/Base
Hydrocarbons + water Observation
Forms layers
Aldehyde + Tollen’s reagent and heat Observation Product Type of reaction
Silver mirror forms Forms carboxylic acid and Ag(s) Oxidation
Alkene + Br2 Observation Product Type of reaction
Orange to colourless rapidly Forms dibromo alkane Addition
Alkene + MnO4-/H+ Observation Product Type of reaction
Purple to colourless Forms diol (2 -OH groups) Oxidation/Addition
Alcohol + Cr2O72-/H+ Observation Product Type of reaction
Orange to green Forms carboxylic acid Oxidation
Carboxylic acid + NaHCO3 or Na2CO3
Bubbles Forms carboxylate salt and CO2 Acid/Base
Ketone Observation
No specific test - a process of elimination
Alkane + Br2 Observation Product Type of reaction
Orange to colourless slowly, only with UV light Forms monobromo alkane Substitution
Ester Observation
Fruity smell
Aldehyde + Benedicts and heat Observation Product Type of reaction
Blue solution forms red ppt Forms carboxylic acid and CuO2(s) Oxidation
Organic compounds >4C’s long + water Observation
Forms layers