Exam 3 Exam Questions

True or false? The recognition of Exercise and Sport Psychology as a formal division within the American Psychological Association was a significant milestone in the professional development of the field.

True or false? Individual personality plays an unimportant role in the behaviors that individuals exhibit during participation in physical activity, exercise, sport, and athletic competition.

True or false? There appears to be very specific personality characteristics that predict adherence to a regular physical activity or exercise program.

True or false? Extrinsic motivation is the predominant factor that causes an individual to engage in behavior because the individual enjoys the process and gains pleasure and satisfaction from that participation.

True or false? Self-efficacy has been shown to be an important factor in an individual’s choice of activities, effort exerted in those activities, and persistence in the activity when faced with challenges.

True or false? Individuals who are characterized as chronic exercisers have lower perceptions of individual control over their own health, an external locus of causality, and less control over exercise behavior.

True or false? The promotion of positive outcomes during physical activity, exercise, sport and athletic competition will result in a positive emotional response of the individual, providing further support for continued participation.

True or false? As arousal increases from low to moderate levels, there is a decrease in performance, but if arousal continues to increase, there is a point when skill performance becomes unaffected by the level of arousal.

True or false? Exercise has the ability to enhance mental health by reducing anxiety and depression and enhancing psychological well-being.

True or false? Neither aerobic exercise nor resistance exercise training can improve brain function, particularly in older adults.

True or false? Regular exercise training can improve brain function, particularly in older adults.

True or false? By effectively promoting adherence, there is a greater likelihood that an individual will discontinue regular program of physical activity and exercise and thereby not derive the associated health benefits.

The first true experiment in sport psychology, performed by Norm Triplett, involved the examination of performance during a: A) college football game. B) bicycle race. C) professional climbing event. D) professional baseball game.

______ is considered to have changed the “half-time” motivational speech. A) Norman Triplett B) Franklin Henry C) Coleman Griffith D) Dorothy Hazeltine Yates

One of the primary differences identified in personality characteristics between successful and unsuccessful athletes suggests that successful athletes are: A) more self-confident. B) less able to retain optimal competition focus in response to obstacles and distractions. C) have thoughts, images, and feelings about sport. D) indifferent to obtaining excellence in their sport.

Self-efficacy is an important determinant of behavior in physical activity, exercise, and sport and is derived from four factors, one of which is: A) past performance. B) extrinsic motivation. C) intrinsic motivation. D) emotional reactions.

Which of the following best describes how self-efficacy is related to athletic competition. a) It has little influence on successful performance b) It is constantly changing depending on the situation and environment c) It is only influenced by external factors d) It only has a positive influence on physical skill

Athletes who concentrate on certain relevant environmental stimuli though at the same time ignoring irrelevant stimuli will have a _________ chance at successful performance than individuals who are distracted and unable to concentrate. A) lesser B) greater C) equal D) concentration does not affect performance

Which of the following hypotheses best explains that an improved emotional profile after exercise is because exercise provides a release from the normal everyday occurrences that can lead to stress and negative emotions? A) Monoamine hypothesis B) Thermogenic hypothesis C) Endorphin hypothesis D) Distraction hypothesis

True or False? Motor learning is the study of how individuals learn skilled movements from practice or experience.

True or False? Motor control is the study of the neurologic, physiologic, and behavioral aspects of movement and how our brain and spinal cord plan and perform those movements.

True or False? Motor behavior is the understanding of how the body develops, controls, and learns the skills that individuals use in physical activity, exercise, sport, and athletic competition.

True or False? Most of the prominent information in motor development came from observing the activities of babies and their changes in reflexes, movement, and learning behavior on a day-to-day basis.

True or False? Franklin Henry developed the memory drum theory and is often considered the “founder of motor skills research”.