Exam 3
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An example of an exogenous signal in plants
-Light -Soil -Wind -Touch -Anything outside of the plant
An example of an endogenous signal in plants
-Hormones -Defense signals -Maturity -Internal functions
What does blue light do for plants? How is it received?
Stimulates positive phototropism. It is received by phototropins
What does red light do for plants? How is it received
Controls seed germination, stem elongation, and flowering. Phytochrome is the receptor
Define soil texture
the percentage of sand, silt, and clay particles in a soil
What are the 3 major compounds of all organic compounds? (Makes up 96% of a plant’s dry weight)
Oxygen, Carbon, and Hydrogen
Yellowing of leaves, still alive but weakening (needs more nutrients)
Chlorosis
Example of passive transport
aquaporin
Example of active transport
proton pump
Example of passive Ion Exclusion
Casparian strip in the endodermis limits which ions can enter the plant
Active Ion Exclusion
Toxic metals are deactivated by the plants and stored in the vacuole
brown/black spotting
Necrosis
What is the most limiting nutrient in plants?
Nitrogen
What is the second most limiting nutrient in plants?
Phosphorus
Theory for water transport theory
Cohesion tension theory
Theory for sugar transport
Pressure flow hypothesis
Water moves from ___ water potential to ___ water potential through____
high, low, osmosis
straight pathway of water to transfer from root hair to tracheary elements (vascular system)
Symplast path
Winding path of transporting water through the Casparian strip
Apoplast path
Loss of liquid through special openings
Guttation
When water molecules attach to each other
Cohesion
When water molecules attach to other molecules
Adhesion
Water moves from high potential to low potential through small vascular tubes
Cohesion tension theory
Where water comes from
Source