4 Mixtures
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State the solubility rule for halides
All Halides are soluble except for lead and silver
What are the two possible valencies of copper ions?
Cu 1+ and Cu 2+
Which method below would separate an insoluble salt from water? filtration chromatography simple distllation fractional distillation evaporation
filtration The insoluble salt is solid and is caught in the filter paper as the residue. Note: it is best to wash the insoluble salt with distilled water to make a pure sample
State the solubility rule for sulfates
All sulfates are soluble except for lead and barium
What is the valency of a lead ion?
Pb 2+
When carrying out chromatography, why must the water level be below the pencil line (base line)?
Otherwise the ink samples would dissolve into the water and would not travel up the paper. You want the water to move up the paper- taking the ink with it.
Which of the following salts are soluble? Na2CO3 BaSO4 Mg(NO3)2 PbCl2
Na2CO3 Mg(NO3)2 are soluble BaSO4PbCl2 are insoluble All sodium salts are soluble All nitrate salts are soluble All sulfate salts are soluble except for Barium All halide salts are soluble except for lead
Give the types of salt which are always soluble
All nitrate salts are soluble All sodium, potassium (group 1) or ammonium salts are soluble
Which method below would separate an ink sample? filtration chromatography simple distllation fractional distillation evaporation
Chromatography The most soluble pigment will travel the furthest up the chromatography paper.
What is the valency of a nitrate ion?
NO3 -1
Define a solution
A solution is formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent
What is the valency of an ammonium ion?
NH4 +
What is the valency of a hydrogen ion?
H +
What is the state symbol for a liquid?
(l)
In chromatography, what is the relationship between solubility of a pigment and its Rf value?
The more soluble a pigment is the further it travels up the paper, the larger the Rf value. note: an Rf value can never be larger than 1
What is the valency of a sulfate ion?
SO4 2-
In fitration, what is the name of the substance which passes through the filter paper.
The filtrate
State the solubility rules for oxides, hydroxides and carbonates
All oxide, hydroxides and carbonates are insoluble except for sodium, potassium or ammonium
I am a type of salt which is insoluble if I am bonded with a lead or barium metal? What type of salt am I?
sulfate salt
Which method below would separate salt from seawater? filtration chromatography simple distllation fractional distillation evaporation
evaporation when heated, the water evaporates leaving the salt crystal behind.
What equipment would you need to filter sand from water?
filter funnel filter paper beaker
What is the pencil line called on a chromatogram?
The base line
Define a solvent
A liquid which dissolves a solute
When is a substance aqueous?
When the substance is soluble in water and water is present in the reaction