Science review
暂无描述。系统推荐的高质量记忆内容，适合每天坚持背诵学习。
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What is the key to scientific investigation?
Curiosity
What do questions help do?
Identify what we do and do not know
What are the two main types of questions?
Closed questions - answered with a fact Open questions - need deeper thinking
What do good scientific questions include?
• clear and focused • can be investigated or tested • often begin with how, why, what
Name some safety rules that must be followed at all times in the lab
• wear safety glasses • tie back long hair • don’t eat or drink in the lab • follow instructions carefully • no running in the lab • alway swear enclosed, leather footwear • do not enter a lab without the teacher’s permission • do not smell gasses or mixtures of chemical directly, they should only be wafted near your nose if instructed by the teacher • do not mix unknown chemical at random • tell a teacher immediately if you break glassware
Name some safety symbols
Corrosive, flammable, explosive, oxidising, toxic
What is an observation?
Recording of facts and senses - hearing and sight
What is an inference?
A conclusion drawn from evidence
What is a prediction?
A statement on what you think will happen next
What is an independent variable?
The one thing you change in an experiment. Limit to one every experiment. For example gender identity, ethnicity, income and race.
How many independent variables are in an experiment?
One
What is a dependant variable?
The change that happens because of the independent variable. For example a test score.
What is a controlled variable?
Everything that reamins constant and unchanging. For example the test paper or test conditions.
How can we guarantee a fair or mostly fair test?
Control as many variables as possible and use close measurements to the true result.
What are the two types of data?
Quantitive data Qualitative data
What is Quantitive data?
Date that concerns quantities (numerical)
What is Qualitative data?
Data that only concerns qualities with no numerical data. For example red, blue, soft, rough
What are the four states of matter?
solid, liquid, gas, plasma
What are the properties of a solid?
• little energy, vibrating • particles arranged in a regular pattern • particles held together by strong forces, only vibrating around a fixed position • high density • fixed shape and volume
What are the properties of a liquid?
• particles packed close together in a ore random way • fewer and slightly weaker forces between particles • fixed volume but no fixed shape • flow to take up shape of container by collecting at the bottom • more kinetic energy that a solid but less than a gas
What are the properties of a gas?
• no fixed volume or shape • high compressibility • low density • can exert pressure
What are the properties of a plasma?
• created when a gas is heated to extreme temperature • electrons are stripped from atoms • high electrical conductivity • responsiveness to magnetic fields • can emit light
What are the four main principles of the particle model of matter?
• all substances are made of particles • particles are all attracted to each other • the particles move around (have kinetic energy) • as the temperature increases, the particles move more
What was Democritus’ (Greek Philosopher in 400BC) atomic theory?
Named atoms to be small, hard particles made of the same material, infinite in number and always able to move and join together