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Synthetic routes

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Total cards: 14•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (14)

#1
Front (Question)

Alkane –> haloalkane reaction conditions

Back (Answer)

alkane + halogen –> Haloalkane + hydrogen halide reagent: halogen conditions: UV light mechanism: free radical substitution use excess alkane to limit further substitutions

#2
Front (Question)

alkene –> dihaloalkane reaction conditions

Back (Answer)

alkene + halogen –> dihaloalkane reagent: halogen Conditions: 20°C mechanism: electrophilic addition

#3
Front (Question)

alkene –> haloalkane reaction conditions

Back (Answer)

alkene + hydrogen halide --> haloalkane reagents: hydrogen halide conditions: 20°C mechanism: electrophilic addition unsymmetrical alkenes produce multiple products

#4
Front (Question)

alkene –> alcohol reaction conditions

Back (Answer)

alkene + water --> alcohol reagent: steam conditions: conc H3PO4, 300°C, 60-70atm mechanism: electrophilic addition 1°, 2°, 3° alcohols can be produced

#5
Front (Question)

alkene –> alkane reaction conditions

Back (Answer)

alkene + hydrogen --> alkane reagent: hydrogen conditions: Ni catalyst, 150°C mechanism: electrophilic addition reaction type: hydrogenation

#6
Front (Question)

haloalkane –> alcohol reaction conditions

Back (Answer)

haloalkane + NaOH --> alcohol + sodium halide reagent: NaOH(aq) conditions: reflux mechanism: nucleophilic substitution 1°, 2°, 3° alcohols can be produced

#7
Front (Question)

haloalkane –> amine reaction conditions

Back (Answer)

haloalkane + ammonia –> amine + ammonium halide reagent: conc ammonia conditions: aqueous ethanol, reflux mechanism: nucleophilic substitution

#8
Front (Question)

haloalkane –> nitrile reaction conditions

Back (Answer)

haloalkane + KCN –> Nitrile + potassium halide reagent: potassium cyanide conditions: potassium cyanide in ethanol, reflux mechanism: nucleophilic substitution adds C atom to chain

#9
Front (Question)

alcohol –> alkene reaction conditions

Back (Answer)

alcohol –> alkene + water conditions: conc H2SO4, 170°C (or Al2O3 catalyst) mechanism: acid catalysed dehydration reaction type: elimination

#10
Front (Question)

alcohol –> haloalkane reaction conditions

Back (Answer)

alcohol + hydrogen halide --> haloalkane + water reagents: hydrogen halide conditions: H2SO4, 20°C mechanism: nucleophilic substitution to separate resultant mixture: separating funnel, neutralise using NaHCO3 dehydrate using anhydrous Na2SO4 distillation

#11
Front (Question)

1° alcohol –> aldehyde reaction conditions

Back (Answer)

1° alcohol + [O] –> aldehyde + water conditions: K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4, excess alcohol, distillation reaction type: oxidation

#12
Front (Question)

alcohol –> carboxylic acid reaction conditions

Back (Answer)

alcohol + 2[O] –> carboxylic acid + water conditions: K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4, excess alcohol, reflux reaction type: oxidation

#13
Front (Question)

2° alcohol –> ketone reaction conditions

Back (Answer)

2° alcohol + [O] –> ketone + water conditions: K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 in excess, reflux reaction type: oxidation

#14
Front (Question)

aldehyde –> carboxylic acid reaction conditions

Back (Answer)

aldehyde + [O] –> carboxylic acid condition: K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 in excess, reflux reaction type: oxidation