Period 3 Elements Reactions With Oxygen
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Which Period 3 elements does not react with oxygen?
Argon
What is common about all Period 3 reactions with oxygen?
They are all exothermic reactions
Describe the oxidation state trend across Period 3 oxides
The oxidation state of the Period 3 element increases from left to right across the period
Describe sodium reacting with oxygen (burns - V. fst + bright - yellow flame - white NaO)
Sodium burns fast and brightly with a yellow flame to form sodium oxide
What is commonly formed when sodium reacts with oxygen, and possible side product?
Na₂O₂ and Na₂O
Write the WHOLE NUMBER balanced equation for sodium reacting with oxygen
4Na (s) + O₂ (g) → 2Na₂O (s)
Why might sodium oxide appear yellow?
Presence of sodium peroxide formed by further oxidation
Describe magnesium reacting with oxygen (burns - V. fst + bright - bright W. flame - white MgO)
Magnesium burns fast and brightly with a bright white flame, producing white magnesium oxide
What is formed when magnesium reacts with oxygen?
Magnesium oxide (MgO)
Write the balanced equation for magnesium reacting with oxygen
2Mg (s) + O₂ (g) → 2MgO (s)
Which Period 3 elements must be heated before reacting with oxygen?
Aluminium, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur and chlorine
What is formed when aluminium reacts with oxygen?
Aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃)
Write the balance equation for aluminium reacting with oxygen
4Al (s) + 3O₂ (g) → 2Al₂O₃ (s)
Why does aluminium appear unreactive? (ctd. w/ strgly. bndd. alum. oxde. lyr. - prvnts. frthr. rctn.)
It is coated with strongly bonded aluminium oxide layer that prevents further reaction
What happens when the aluminium oxide layer is scratched? (fsh. A rcts. rpdly. w/ O rfrmng. prctv. al. ox. lyr.)
Fresh aluminium reacts rapidly with oxygen, reforming the protective oxide layer
What flame colour is observed for aluminium and silicon reactions?
Bright white flame
Write the balanced equation for silicon reacting with oxygen
Si (s) + O₂ (g) → SiO₂ (s)
What are the two allotropes of phosphorus?
White and red phosphorus
What happens when white phosphorous reacts with oxygen at room temperature, compared to red phosphorus? (W spont. ignt. + prod. whte. sld/smke. - R dsnt. rct. isntnt. ndng. htd. bfr. rctng.)
It spontaneously ignites and produces a white solid and smoke. Red does not react as instantaneously, needing to be heated before reacting
Write the balance equation for phosphorus reacting with excess oxygen
4P (s) + 5O₂ (g) → P₄O₁₀ (s)
Write the balanced equation for phosphorus reacting with limited oxygen
4P (s) + 3O₂ (g) → P₄O₆ (s)
Describe sulfur reacting with oxygen (S - steady burn - B. flame - SO2 gas)
Sulfur steadily burns with a blue flame to form sulfur dioxide gas
Write the balanced equation for sulfur reacting with limited oxygen
S (s) + O₂ (g) → SO₂ (g)
Wha minor product can form when sulfur reacts with excess oxygen?
Sulfur trioxide