UNIT 1 - KA5
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What is the genome of an organism
The genome of an organism is the hereditary information encoded in DNA
What is a genome made up of
A genome is made up of genes and other DNA sequences that do not code for proteins
What does genomic sequencing determine for?
Genomic sequencing determines the sequence of nucleotide bases it can be determined for individual genes and entire genomes
What is bioinformatics
Bioinformatics is the use of computer technology to identify DNA sequences
What can computer programmes be used for
Computer programmes can be used to identify base sequences by looking for sequences similar to known genes
What is required to compare sequence data
To compare sequence data, computer and statistical analysis are required
Why are genomes analysed
An individual’s genome can be analysed to predict the likelihood of developing certain diseases
What is pharmocogonetics
Pharmocogonetics is the use of genome information in the choice of drugs
What is a Personal genome sequence
In genomic sequencing the sequence of nucleotide bases can be determined for individual genes and Entire individual genomes
What is personalised medicine
This is when an individuals personal genome sequence can be used to select the most effective drugs and dosage to treat their disease
Two major benefits personalised medicine may have for the patient
a) more effective b) less Side effects
What is used to predict the risk of developing certain conditions ?
Variations in DNA are already being used to PREDICT the risk of developing certain conditions (e.g. breast cancer , diabetes , heart disease, schizophrenia)
What are main concerns surrounding the development of personal medicine
If personal genomic sequencing becomes a routine predictive medical procedure then this raises many ethical questions e,g who should be able to access this information