molecules
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (19)
small organic building blocks of the cell:
sugars, fatty acids, amino acids, nucleotides
larger organic molecules of the cell:
polysaccharides, glycogen, and starch (in plants), fats and membrane lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
covalent bond:
sharing of electrons
ionic bond:
transfer of electrons
Subunits are added to the one end of a growing chain (a polymer) by:
dehydration synthesis (condensation)
The subunits are linked by:
covalent bonds
reverse reaction:
hydrolysis, which breaks covalent bonds
The condensation of two monosaccharides produces:
one disaccharide
glycogen is an energy store in
animals
starch is an energy store in
plants
cellulose is a ___________ ____________ in plants
structural polysaccharide
fatty acids have a _________ carboxylic acid head
hydrophilic
fatty acids have a ____________ hydrocarbon tail that is completely ____________.
hydrophobic, saturated
Fatty acids are stored as energy reserves (fats and oils) through an ______ ________ to glycerol to form _________________.
ester linkage, triacylglycerols.
Saturated fatty acids tend to form:
solid aggregates and deposits inside blood vessels.
Unsaturated fatty acids contain:
one or more double bond
cis unsaturated fatty acids do not form:
aggregates because a double bond forms a “kink”
trans unsaturated fatty acids behave similar to:
saturated fatty acids (they tend to aggregate and form solid deposits) and are major contributors to coronary heart disease (atherosclerosis of coronary blood vessels)