BECOMING A RESEARCHER
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Define research integrity
conducting research in ways allowing others to trust/ have confidence in methods and final result
when researching what 2 things do u have to get a balance between
ethics and integrity
Where can ethical issues arrive
research questions research designs number of participants researcher experience risk to participants recruitment respecting confidentiality publication of results informed consent
What does research have to pass in order to be published
Do research HaSS (human and social science) STEM (science, tech, engineering, maths) Research integrity comittee Research comittee Council
What are the 4 values in research
honesty accuracy efficiency objectivity
define honesty
convey info truthfully
define accuracy
report findings precisely, take care to avoid errors
define efficiency
use resources wisely, avoid waste
define objectivity
let facts speak for themselves, avoiding bias
What is the scientific process
Make observations Think of interesting questions Formula/ hypothesis Develop testable predictions Gather data to test predictions Refine/ alter/ reject hypothesis Develop general theory
Hierachy of evidence highest to lowest
Randomised control trials Cohort studies Case control studies Cross sectional studies/ surveys Case reports, case studies Mechanistic studies Editorials/ expert opinion
Which one in hierarchy of evidence has highest quality of evidence
Randomised control trials
Which one in hierarchy of evidence has lowest quality of evidence
Editorials/ expert opinion
Which one in hierarchy of evidence has highest risk of bias
editorials/ expert opinion
Which one in hierarchy of evidence has lowest risk of bias
randomised control trials
What is the format of a peer reviewed research paper
Abstract Introduction Methods Results Discussion
What is an abstract
Structured with strict word limit 200-300
What is included in an introduction
why was it done? what’s it adressing?
What is included in method
how was study conducted
what is included in results
what was found
What is included in discussion
Includes comparison of study conducted to existing studies/ literature Strengths/ limitations Implications for further research
why are research designs important
provide a frame work of methods and techniques, therefore conduct the study in a logical manor
What is descriptive research
what’s going on
What is explanatory/ mechanistic research
why is it going on