FINAL 02 - Reactions and Synthesis of Alkenes

States that addition of HX across a carbon-carbon multiple bond proceeds in such a way that the proton adds to the less substituted carbon atom

Electrophilic addition of Hg2_ to alkene on reaction with mercury (II) acetate in aqueous THF solvent

Treatment of intermediate organomercury compound with sodium borohydride

Addition of a B-H bond of borane, BH3, to an alkene to yield an organoborane intermediate, RBH2

Involves the addition of Br2 that acts as a simple and rapid laboratory test for unsaturation

The addition of HOX forms __________

Increases electron density on carbon

Decreases electron density on carbon

Normally used as PtO2 (Adam’s catalyst)

Normally used as very fine powder “supported” on an inert material such as charcoal (Pd/C)

Does not occur in a homogenous solution but instead takes place on the surface of solid catalyst particles

Both H atoms add on the same more accessible face (less steric hindrance)

Yields saturated fatty acids

Yields trans fatty acids

A large molecule built up by repetitive units of smaller molecules called monomers

A synthetic alkene polymer

3 radical polymerization mechanisms

Few redicals are generated on heating benzoyl peroxide catalyst to break the weak O-O bond

The formed carbon radical adds to another ethylene molecule to yield another radical

The chain process is ended by a reaction that consumes the radical

Are substituted ethylenes that undergo polymerization

Loss of HX from an alkyl halide

Carried out by treatment of an alcohol with a strong acid