Weeks 1 & 2

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

Front (Question)

Carcinogen

Back (Answer)

cancer-causing agent, frequently chemical Any substance or agent that can cause or promote cancer by damaging DNA or causing uncontrolled cell growth. Carcinogens can be chemical, physical, or biological, and their effects depend on the exposure and individual susceptibility.

Front (Question)

Carcinoma

Back (Answer)

Cancer that forms in epithelial tissue (including epidermis)

Front (Question)

Rebel cell

Back (Answer)

A cell that behaves abnormally, often resisting the normal controls of growth and division. (rogue cells)

Front (Question)

Anthropomorphism

Back (Answer)

The attribution of human traits, emotions, or intentions to non-human entities. • Cancer cells do not think, do not plan, do not intentionally evolve

Front (Question)

Cancer in latin

Back (Answer)

“crab” - disease - constellation (asterism) - zodiac sign (pseudoscience)

Front (Question)

karkinos in greek

Back (Answer)

crab

Front (Question)

A crab is a metaphor for cancer the disease.

Back (Answer)

Blood vessels supplying tumours look like many legs of a crab attached to the body. Tumours are hard like the body of a crab. The pain of a growing tumour is like the pinch of a crab.

Front (Question)

Cancer as a metaphor

Back (Answer)

used for unrelated harms

Front (Question)

Oncogene

Back (Answer)

A mutated gene that has the potential to cause cancer.

#10

Front (Question)

Carcinogenesis / oncogenesis

Back (Answer)

The formation of a cancer, whereby normal cells are transformed into cancer cells.

#11

Front (Question)

Tumour

Back (Answer)

An abnormal mass of tissue that forms when cells grow and divide more than they should or do not die when they should.

#12

Front (Question)

benign

Back (Answer)

non-cancerous

#13

Front (Question)

malignant

Back (Answer)

cancerous

#14

Front (Question)

~90% of cancers start…

Back (Answer)

in the epithelia (carcinomas)

#15

Front (Question)

Some names for atypical masses on the body

Back (Answer)

Mole, Cyst, “Skin Tag”, Pimple, Callus, Wart, Mass, Lump

#16

Front (Question)

epithelium

Back (Answer)

tissue made of a layer/ layers of cells covering bodily surfaces

#17

Front (Question)

tumour vs neoplasm

Back (Answer)

tumour : A lump, growth, localized swelling, mass while… neoplasm : a new growth

#18

Front (Question)

oncology

Back (Answer)

branch of medicine that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and study of cancer.

#19

Front (Question)

Glyphosate

Back (Answer)

a typical carbon, oxygen and hydrogen-containing organic molecule active ingredient in Roundup herbicide (is it a carcinogen? No clear answer) Suspected to cause Mosaic Loss of Chromosome Y among Male Farmers in the Agricultural Health Study.

#20

Front (Question)

aneuploidy

Back (Answer)

The occurrence of one or more extra or missing chromosomes in a cell or organism.

#21

Front (Question)

study on glyphosate use in farming

Back (Answer)

Males most exposed to glyphosate most likely to have lost Y chromosome from some of their cells

#22

Front (Question)

hypertrophy

Back (Answer)

Cell sizes increase locally

#23

Front (Question)

hyperplasia

Back (Answer)

Cell numbers increase locally

#24

Front (Question)

Dysplasia

Back (Answer)

the cells are displaced and disorganized; normal cell organization not visible