Extraction of metals
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What are the different ways to: Extract metal
• Unreactive - displacement reaction • medium reacivity - blast furnace • Very reactive - electrolysis
What is an: Ore
a sample of rock that contains enough of a mineral for it to be worthwile to extract the metal
What are: Uses of steel
bridges, gates and knives
What are the: Components of a blast furnace
• Heat resistance brick • O2 • Slag • Metal • C?
What are the: Equations for blast furnaces
• C + O2 -> CO2 • CO2 + C -> 2CO • 3CO + Fe2O3 -> 2Fe + 3CO2 • CaCO3 -> CaO + CO2 (Thermal decomposition) • SiO + CaO -> CaSiO3 (slag)
What are Examples of alloys
• bronze • brass • steel
Why are: Alloys not malleable?
Different sized molecules prevent layers from sliding over each other
What is: Bauxite
Al2O3
Why is: Electrolysis expensive
• Electricity is used • Oxygen reacts with carbon electrode, which has to be replaced
Process of: Extraction of aluminium
• Electrolysis • 2 positive and 2 negative graphite electrodes, and electrolyte of Al2O3 + cryolite (molten) • cryolite is used to reducing melting point of Al2O3, so that it is molten • Steel is used as the tank, as it is heat resistant, as there is a high melting point
What is: Cryolite
A compound containing aluminium, which can be used as a solvent in extraction of Aluminium
use of: Limestone in blast furnace
Purifies impurities by reacting with them