2.6 Reactions of Ions in Aqueous Solution

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

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Front (Question)

What do most metal cations form is aqueous solution?

Back (Answer)

Hexaaqua complex ions

Front (Question)

Appearance of [Fe(H₂O)₆]²⁺

Back (Answer)

Green solution

Front (Question)

Appearance of [Cu(H₂O)₆]²⁺

Back (Answer)

Pale blue solution

Front (Question)

Appearance of [Fe(H₂O)₆]³⁺

Back (Answer)

Purple solution (appears to be yellow-brown)

Front (Question)

Appearance of [Al(H₂O)₆]³⁺

Back (Answer)

Colourless solution

Front (Question)

How does charge density affect acidity of metal hexaaqua ions?

Back (Answer)

• High charge density causes lower pH • As water ligands are more polarised, OH bonds are weaker and protons are more easily donated

Front (Question)

What happens when a base is added to aqueous metal-aqua ions?

Back (Answer)

Hydrolysis Produces an insoluble precipitate of metal hydroxide

Front (Question)

Products and observations when NaOH is added to aqueous Fe (II) ions

Back (Answer)

[Fe(H₂O)₄(OH)₂] and H₂O Green precipitate

Front (Question)

Products and observations when NaOH is added to aqueous Cu (II) ions

Back (Answer)

[Cu(H₂O)₄(OH)₂] and H₂O Blue precipitate

#10

Front (Question)

Products and observations when NaOH is added to aqueous Fe (III) ions

Back (Answer)

[Fe(H₂O)₃(OH)₃] and H₂O Brown precipitate

#11

Front (Question)

Products and observations when NaOH is added to aqueous Al (III) ions

Back (Answer)

[Al(H₂O)₃(OH)₃] and H₂O White precipitate Excess NaOH: [Al(OH)₄]⁻ and H₂O Colourless solution

#12

Front (Question)

Product of [Al(H₂O)₃(OH)₃] and an acid

Back (Answer)

[Al(H₂O)₆]³⁺

#13

Front (Question)

Products of [Al(H₂O)₃(OH)₃] and a base

Back (Answer)

[Al(OH)₄]⁻ and H₂O

#14

Front (Question)

Metal-aqua ions are _____ acids

Back (Answer)

weak

#15

Front (Question)

Products and observations when NH₃ is added to aqueous Fe (II) ions

Back (Answer)

[Fe(H₂O)₄(OH)₂] and NH₄⁺ Green precipitate

#16

Front (Question)

Products and observations when NH₃ is added to aqueous Cu (II) ions

Back (Answer)

[Cu(H₂O)₄(OH)₂] and NH₄⁺ Blue precipitate Excess NH₃: ligand substitution reaction [Cu(H₂O)₂(NH₃)₄]²⁺ and H₂O and OH⁻ Deep blue solution

#17

Front (Question)

Products and observations when NH₃ is added to aqueous Fe (III) ions

Back (Answer)

[Fe(H₂O)₃(OH)₃] and NH₄⁺ Brown precipitate

#18

Front (Question)

Products and observations when NH₃ is added to aqueous Al (III) ions

Back (Answer)

[Al(H₂O)₃(OH)₃] and NH₄⁺ White precipitate

#19

Front (Question)

Why can’t ammonia react with aqueous aluminium hydroxide?

Back (Answer)

Ammonia is only a weak base (unlike NaOH)

#20

Front (Question)

Products and observations when sodium carbonate is added to aqueous Fe (II) ions

Back (Answer)

FeCO₃ and H₂O Green precipitate

#21

Front (Question)

Products and observations when sodium carbonate is added to aqueous Cu (II) ions

Back (Answer)

CuCO₃ and H₂O Blue-green precipitate

#22

Front (Question)

Products and observations when sodium carbonate is added to aqueous Fe (III) ions

Back (Answer)

[Fe(H₂O)₃(OH)₃] and CO₂ and H₂O Brown precipitate and effervescence

#23

Front (Question)

Products and observations when sodium carbonate is added to aqueous Al (III) ions

Back (Answer)

[Al(H₂O)₃(OH)₃] and CO₂ and H₂O White precipitate effervescence

#24

Front (Question)

Why do only the 3+ metal ions react with sodium carbonate to form a hydroxide and carbon dioxide?

Back (Answer)

They are stronger acids