ch 29- fungi
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what are the 3 large, multicellular eukaryotes
plants, animals, and fungi
plants make-
their onw food ( photosynthetic autotrophs)
animals eat-
ingest their food ( ingestive autotrophs)
how do fungi eat
they absorb their nutrients from organisms ( absorptive heterotrophs)
what is Extracellular digestion
where fungi produce secretive digestive enzymes
what 2 most abundant organic molecules on Earth can fungi digest
lignin and cellulose
Some fungi specialize in absorbing nutrients from a host which is called
parasites
study of fungi is called
mycology
Why do biologists study fungi?
Fungi have important Economic & Ecological Impacts
examples of their impacts
human parasites ( 200 of them) Destructive impact on food supply and have benefits
examples of human parasites
1) athlete’s foot (2) vaginitis (3) diaper rash (4)ringworm (5) fungal pneumonia (6)oral thrush
benefits of fungi
mushrooms yeast= bread, soy sauce, cheese, beer, wine, etc. chocolate= only edible after fermented by fungi
Fungi Provide Nutrients for Land Plants, how so
through Mycorrhizae (“fungal-root”)- and Saprophytic ( decomposers)
what is Mycorrhizae (“fungal-root”)
fungi that are mutualistic with most plants
what are Saprophytic (decomposers) soil fungi
They break down dead organic matter, critical to productivity of forests, croplands, & rangelands
what are the Two parts of carbon cycle
1- C fixation reduction of CO2 to form sugar which is then used to make cellulose, lignin, & other organic compounds 2- C release as C02 from cellular respiration
overall fungi connect the 2 processes of the carbon cycle (1) digest lignin and cellulose – release carbon that would be held in wood (2) make the carbon cycle more rapidly