3B Analatical Chemistry
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2 types of study in analatical chemistry
Qualitative and Quantitative
Qualitative analysis includes
Identification of an unknown substance by chemical tests.
Chemical tests include the use of
• Sodium and Ammonium Hydroxides on salt solution. 2. Observation of color and solubility of the precipitates formed.
A salt is colored if
Its cation or anion is colored.
Salts of elements in group ______ are colorless
1,2 and 13 to 17 are colorless.
Salts of elements in group ______ are colored
3 to 12
Name the color of the following elements: • Cu2+ • Cr3+ • Mn2+ • Fe2+ • Fe3+ • Co2+ • Ni2+
• Blue • Green • Pink • Green • Brown or yellow • Blue or pink • Green
Cr2O7 MnO4
Orange Pink/Purple
Calcium with NaOH
White insoluble
Magnesium with NaOH
Dull white insoluble
Iron (II) with NaOH
Dirty green Insoluble
Iron (III) with NaOH
Reddish brown insoluble
Cu2+ with NaOH
Pale blue Insoluble
Zn with NaOH
Gelatinous white soluble
Zn(OH)2 Can further react with ______ to form ______.
NaOH, Na2ZnO2
Pb(NO3)2 Can further react with _______ to form _______.
NaOH, Na2PbO2.
Both sodium zincate and Sodium plumbite gives a
Colorless soltion
Ca with NH4(OH)
Cant form a precipitate
Why does Ca not react with NH4(OH)
Concentration of OH- ions is low.
Mg with NH4(OH)
Dull white Insoluble
Fe2+ with NH4(OH)
Dirty green insoluble
Fe3+ with NH4(OH)
Reddish brown Insoluble
Cu2+ with NH4(OH)
Pale blue soluble
Cu(OH)2 can further react with ______- to give _____ and ______. It can react with ______ and ______- to give ________ and ________. (NH4OH)
NH4OH, [Cu(NH3)4] (OH) 2 -> Tetramine copper hydroxide. NH4OH, (NH4)2SO4, [Cu(NH3)4] (SO4) -> Tetra amine copper sulphate.