Matter and Materials
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What are the three states of matter?
Solid, liquid, gas.
Define matter
Everything around us that takes up space & has mass
Describe the differences between the 3 states of matter in terms of their shape
Solid: fixed. Liquid: not fixed. Gas: takes up space, but doesn’t have shape
Describe the differences between the 3 states of matter in terms of how they change their shape
Solid: changes shape by force. Liquid: takes the shape of the container it is in eg milk in a glass. Gas: moves around freely, spreads into open spaces.
Can you see some gases?
Yes
Can you smell gas?
Sometimes. Do an experiment to prove this by farting
What happens when you melt something?
Changes solid to liquid
What have you melted in your life before? Have you ever melted something you weren’t supposed to?
Examples: butter (over popcorn)cheese (on toasted cheese) candle wax Ice cream
What is evaporation? Give some examples
Change from liquid to gas. Water in a pool or dam Drying clothes/dishes
What does water turn into when you heat it?
Water vapor
What is Condensation? Give examples
Gas changing to liquid Dew on grass Water in windscreen of car Steam from kettle
Give example of something solidifying?
Solidify: Liquid to solid. Eg. Ice
Describe water cycle
Clouds: condensation leads to rain (precipitation) Snow melts -> rivers Ocean water evaporates in sun -> into clouds
What is precipitation in the context of weather?
Water falling from the sky
Give some examples of raw materials, & things you can make from them
Coal: used for fuel eg fire Sand: glass Clay: pottery, floor (ceramic) tiles Coal & oil: plastic things
What properties of wet clay make it good for turning into different ceramic objects?
Soft & malleable
What’s the difference between malleable & brittle
Malleable: shaped easily Brittle: breaks easily
How would you unsolidify something? What would you call that?
Heat it up eg ice, ice cream. Melting
Describe the solid state.
A solid has a fixed shape that cannot change easily except by force.
Describe the liquid state.
A liquid doesn’t have a fixed shape but takes on the shape of the container. Liquids can flow.
Describe the gaseous state.
A gas moves around freely and fills the space or closed container.
What gases is air made up of?
Mostly nitrogen and oxygen gas.
Define ‘matter’
Matter is everything that takes up space and has mass.
Define ‘mass’
Mass is the amount of material in an object.