Chapter 10
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acceleration
changing velocity; the rate at which an object’s velocity is changing.
distance
the amount of space between point A and point B.
inertia
A property of all matter that causes matter to prefer its present state of motion; quantified by the variable mass.
laws of motion
Isaac Newton’s three laws (1687) summarizing the behavior of objects with mass. when no net force is present on such an object, the object retains its present state of motion (first law); when a net force is present, the object accelerates in proportion to the force and in inverse proportion to its mass (second law); and any force always produces an equal and opposite reaction force (third law).
speed
how fast an object is moving.
state of motion
the state of an object characterized by its possessing a particular velocity; that is, possessing a particular speed in a particular direction; includes a state of being at rest (a speed of 0 m/s).
telos
A Greek word meaning purpose, goal, or end.
time interval
a specific period of time.
uniform acceleration
a situation caused by the presence of a constant net force, in which the velocity of an object increases or decreases by the same amount each second.
velocity
a quantity that describes how fast an object is moving and in which direction.