the nervous system

brain and spinal cord

detects the stimulus by changing it’s energy into electrical energy

a structure that responds to nerve impulses, may be a muscle or a gland

sensory neurone motor neurone relay neurone

1.transmits nerve impulses from receptor to central nervous system 2.cell body located outside CNS 3.has a long dendron 4.has a short axon

1.transmits nerve impulses from central nervous system to muscles and glands 2.cell body is located inside the CNS 3.cell body has dendrites which are junctions with other neurons 4.has long axon to carry nerve impulses to effector organ 5.the axon is covered by myelin sheath which insulates the axon and speeds up the conduction of impulses 6.the impulse is transmitted from the axon to the muscle through a synapse called nerve muscle junction

transmits nerve impulse from sensory neuron to motor neurone

a gap between two neurons across which a nerve impulse can pass by chemicals known as neurotransmitters

the middle part is called the grey matter the outside part is called the white matter

1.impulses arrive down the axon of one neuron 2.the impulse stimulates the release of neurotransmitters 3.neurotransmitters diffuse across the synaptic gap 4.neurotransmitters attach to receptors on the membrane of the second neuron generating another electrical impulse

automatic, involuntary, rapid response to a stimulus, which often protects the body

1.receptor responds to a stimulus and sends nerve impulses to sensory neurone 2.sensory neurone transmits nerve impulse from receptor to CNS 3.relay neurone transmits nerve impulse from sensory neurone to motor neurone 4.motor neurone transmits nerve impulse from CNS to effector 5.effector responds to nerve impulse and contracts and pulls hand away

1.involuntary 2.fast response

largest part of the brain which is made of two cerebral hemispheres

1.has sensory areas that receive and process information from our sensory organs 2.it has motor areas where all voluntary actions originate 3.it is the origin of all higher activities, such as memory, emotions and personality

behind the cerebrum

coordinating muscle contraction maintaining balance

underneath the cerebrum

1.connects the spinal cord with the brain 2.controls basic body activities, such as heart beat and breathing rate

located at the base of the brain just below the hypothalamus

secretes hormones into the blood

1.coordinates between nervous and endocrine system 2.responsible for many homeostatic processes

build up of two proteins in brain cells called amyloid and tau, which damage and kill brain cells

forgetting recent events, names, and faces becoming increasingly repetitive getting lost becoming anxious problems with speech