Proteins
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The monomer to a protein is a single
Amino acid
Proteins are made up of a bunch of
Amino acids
What part of an amino acid determines it’s properties
The R group (side chain) of amino acid
How many different possible R groups are there for amino acids?
20
Amino acids are made up of
Amino group ( left side) Carboxyl group (right side) Hydrogen bonded to middle C R-group
The bonds between amino acids are called
Peptide bonds
What functions do Proteins have in the body
Structural Enzymes (direct and control chem reactions) Transport of molecules Chemical Messengers (hormones).
Describe how 2 amino acids are joined together and the type of bond that is formed
The amino group and carboxyl group join together through a condensation reaction to form a peptide bond and release water
Describe what happens in the secondary structure of protein formation
Hydrogen bonds between adjacent amino acids which causes local folding to occur - B-pleasted sheets or alpha helix
Describe what happens in the tertiary structure of protein formation
Polypeptide folds in on itself due to increase bonding of side chains (ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, disulfide bridges)
Quaternary structure is where
Two or more polypeptides come together
When proteins lose their structure and function it’s called
Denaturation
Give 4 ways a protein can be denatured
Temperature, pH, radiation, harsh chemicals.