Reproduction

Ring of Stamens. Stamen = 2 parts, anther supported by the stick called the filament. Pollen grains develop inside the anthers. Inside pollen grains, is the male gamete. Pollen grain develops thick outer wall to protect it.

At the top of the carpel, is the stigma supported by the style. At the base, the ovary protects the ovules. Each ovule contains an egg sac that surrounds the gamete.

WInd: Large anthers hang outside the flower. Stigmas are large and feathery, hang outside the flower to trap pollen. Insect: Stigmas are small and inside the flower, few small anthers inside the flower.

The transfer of pollen from anther to stigma either by wind or insects.

Pollen grain travels down style into the ovary and its nucleus fuses with an egg cell nucleus

Germination - Seed coat breaks open and embryo starts to grow and develop into a new plant.

• Temperature - Seeds need warmth - enzyme reaction. • Water - Needed to swell seed and break seed coat aswell as metabolic and enzyme reactions. • Oxygen - Aerobic respiration for energy

2 testes where sperm - male gamete is produced. They’re located in the scrotum outside the body. Sperm ducts carry sperm from testes to penis Prostate gland and seminal vesicles produce a liquid the sperm can swim in - Semen which passes along the urethra then outside the body.

2 ovaries produce egg cells joined by oviducts to the Uterus. Uterus is where the fetus develops Lower end of the uterus is the cervix which leads to the vagina.

The fusion of the nuclei of the sperm and the egg cell in the oviduct.

Cycle begins with monthly bleeding (period) - breakdown of uterus lining. Afterwards, lining thickens again. Ovulation occurs mid cycle when an egg is released from one of the ovaries. If fertilised the egg will embed into the uterus lining and develop pregnancy. If not, cell and lining are shed.