1.3 Past Paper Questions
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Give one other characteristic of a LAN besides being set up over a small geographical area.
It uses dedicated hardware like switches and routers. Computers within it can communicate using MAC addresses.
Describe the benefits of changing a home LAN to include wireless connections.
Allows more devices to connect like phones and TVs. Devices can move around and stay connected. Easier to connect new devices without running cables.
State two drawbacks of changing a home LAN to include wireless connections.
Prone to interference from other devices. Slower data transmission rate or less bandwidth compared to wired. Increased risk of security threats like unauthorized access.
Give one valid example of an IPv4 address and one valid example of an IPv6 address.
IPv4 example: 192.168.1.1. IPv6 example: 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334.
Describe the format of a MAC address.
6 groups of two hexadecimal digits. Often separated by colons or hyphens. The first half is the manufacturer ID the second half is the serial number.
Describe two benefits to an airport of using wired connections in their network.
High Security: Less risk of unauthorized access protecting sensitive passenger data. High Speed: Fast and consistent data transfer reducing delays for systems.
Explain the reasons why an airport should also allow the network to be accessed using a wireless connection.
Allows passengers to connect their devices to the internet. Enables airport staff to use mobile devices like tablets to be more responsive.
Draw a diagram to show how five computers a switch and two printers are connected in a star topology.
A central switch. Five computers and two printers each connected directly to the switch with their own cable.
Give one benefit and one drawback of using a star topology instead of a mesh topology.
Benefit: Easier to add new devices without disrupting the network. Drawback: The entire network fails if the central switch fails.
Describe the role of the switch in the star topology.
It connects all devices in the network. It receives data and uses MAC addresses to send it directly to the correct destination device.
Complete the table by identifying the most appropriate protocol for each task a student is performing.
Requesting a webpage: HTTP or HTTPS. Accessing bank account with login: HTTPS. Downloading a text document: FTP or HTTP or HTTPS. Checking for new emails: IMAP or POP.
Give two reasons why protocols have layers.
Each layer is independent; one can be updated without affecting the others. It allows developers to specialize and focus on developing one layer.
Identify the computer acting as the client when an artist uploads images to a website and justify your choice.
The artist’s computer. It sends a request to the web server to upload the files and relies on the server to process them.
Identify the computer acting as the server when an artist uploads images to a website and justify your choice.
The web server. It receives the request and the image files from the client processes the upload and stores the files.
Explain why the number of devices using a network at the same time can affect the network’s performance.
More devices mean more data is being transmitted simultaneously. The available bandwidth is shared between all devices giving less to each which slows transmission.
Identify one other factor that can affect the performance of a network.
The available bandwidth of the connection. Interference especially for wireless networks.
Complete the description of accessing websites using the given list of terms.
A website is hosted on a web server. The computers that access websites are called clients. The user enters a Uniform Resource Locator. The browser sends a request to the Domain Name Server. An IPv4 address has 4 groups between 0 and 255 separated by a full stop.
Explain why Ethernet is considered a standard.
It is used by most manufacturers ensuring compatibility between different devices. It provides a set of proven reliable rules for wired network communication.
Identify three tasks carried out by a router.
Receives data packets from devices on its network. Examines packet IP addresses to determine the best path. Forwards packets towards their destination.
Give two reasons why a library should use encryption when data is transmitted through its network.
Data cannot be understood if intercepted. Protects confidential or personal user data.
Identify one protocol that can be used to send an email and one to access a website securely.
Send an email: SMTP. Access a website securely: HTTPS.
Identify the type of network Amir has at home which includes two laptops four mobile phones and two televisions.
LAN (Local Area Network)
Describe the similarities and differences between a switch and a router.
Similarities: Both connect devices and forward data. Differences: A switch connects devices in a LAN using MAC addresses. A router connects different networks using IP addresses.
Draw the star topology for Amir’s home network. Clearly label each device.
A central switch. Two laptops four phones and two TVs all connected to the central switch. Phones and TVs connect wirelessly via a Wireless Access Point.