Alcohols

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Total cards: 16•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (16)

Front (Question)

Molecular formula of methanol.

Back (Answer)

CH3OH

Front (Question)

Molecular formula of ethanol.

Back (Answer)

C2H5OH

Front (Question)

Molecular formula of propanol.

Back (Answer)

C3H7OH

Front (Question)

Molecular formula of butanol.

Back (Answer)

C4H9OH

Front (Question)

Molecular formula of pentanol.

Back (Answer)

C5H11OH

Front (Question)

What is the general formula for alchohols?

Back (Answer)

CnH2n+1OH

Front (Question)

Ethanol is made by the process of fermentation:

Back (Answer)

glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide

Front (Question)

The balanced symbol equation for fermentation:

Back (Answer)

C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2

Front (Question)

How is ethanol made by the fermentation of glucose solution?

Back (Answer)

• The reaction is catalysed by the enzymes in yeast. • This will only happen if there is no oxygen present. • The dilute liquid produced undergoes fractional distillation to produce ethanol.

#10

Front (Question)

Only ethanol is made by fermentation, under carefully controlled conditions.

Back (Answer)

• If the temperature is low, the enzyme in yeast are inactive. • If the temperature is too high, the enzymes in yeast are denatured. • If air is present, there is a different reaction, producing ethanoic acid instead of ethanol.

#11

Front (Question)

Uses of ethanol made by fermentation.

Back (Answer)

Ethanol made by fermentation can also be used as a fuel. It is a renewable fuel because the plants that make the sugar for the processes can be grown very quickly.

#12

Front (Question)

Producing ethanol by hydration

Back (Answer)

• Ethanol that is used in industry can also be made from ethene. Ethanol made in this way is a non renewable fuel because the ethene it is made from, comes from fossil fuels. These fossil fuels cannot be replaced and are a finite resource. • The reaction to make ethanol from ethene is known as a hydration reaction because water is added to the ethene molecule: ethene + water ⇒ ethanol. • Ethene and steam are passed over a hot phosphoric acid catalyst.

#13

Front (Question)

Ethane symbols

Back (Answer)

C2H4

#14

Front (Question)

The balanced symbol Eq. for the hydration reaction is:

Back (Answer)

C2H4 + H2O ⇒ C2H5OH

#15

Front (Question)

Ethanol production by fermentation advantages and disadvantages

Back (Answer)

• Conditions: 35 ºC less energy needed • Processing: Batch • Sustainability: Sustainable • Purification: Fractional distillation needed • Percentage yield and atom economy: Low yield and atom economy

#16

Front (Question)

Ethanol production by hydration advantages and disadvantages

Back (Answer)

• Conditions: Hot catalyst, more energy needed • Processing: Continuous • Sustainability: From a finite source • Purification: Relatively pure on production • Percentage yield and atom economy: high yield and high economy