Musculoskeletal System
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How many pairs of ribs in the body?
12
Spine structure
Cervical- 7 vertabre Thoracic- 12 Lumbar- 5 Sacrum- 5 Coxcyx- 4
Tendon
Connects muscle to bone
Ligament
Connects bone to bone
Skeleton structure
Skull Mandible (jaw bone) Clavicle (collarbone) Scapula (shoulder blade) Sternum (breast bone) Arms: upper= humerus, forearm= radius and ulna (towards body), carpal (wrist bone), metacarpal (hand bone), phalanges (fingers, 3 bones in each) Rib cage Spine Pelvis Hip joint Femur Kneecap (patella) Tibia (thick bone) and fibula (lower leg) Tarsal (foot bone)/ metatarsals Phalanges (toes)- 2 in each toe
Function of skeleton?
Movement Maintain posture/ supports body Protect organs (eg rib cage) Generates blood cells Stores minerals eg calcium
Functions of muscle?
Generate heat Movement (contraction/ relaxation) Role in digestion
3 types of muscle
Smooth Cardiac Skeletal
Sprain
Stretching/tearing of a ligament
Strain
Muscle/tendon is overstretched/torn