Le Chatelier Principle
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Le Chatelier’s Principle
If a system at equilibrium is disturbed, then it will shift in whichever direction it has to, to restore equilibrium
For the DAT, I need to know how systems at equilibrium are affected by?
1) adding or removing reactants or products 2) changing temperature 3) changing volume or pressure 4) adding a catalyst
the rate of forward and reverse reactions are the same for systems at equilibrium. This does NOT mean that ____ is the same?
amounts of reactants and products
How can balance be restored after adding or removing a reactant or product?
by the reaction shifting in whichever direction it needs to in order to return to its original equilibrium state
If a reaction is exothermic, it _____ heat?
gives off heat, -
If a reaction is endothermic, it _____ heat?
consumes heat, +
How can balance be restored after changing temperature for a exothermic rxn?
exothermic-gives off heat. This means heat is a product. Add heat = shift left Remove heat= shift right
How can balance be restored after changing temperature for a endothermic rxn?
endothermic- consumes heat. This means heat is a reactant Add heat= shift right Remove heat= shift left
How a system restores equilibrium after a temperature change depends on whether the reaction is?
endothermic or exothermic
How does a system restore equilibrium is pressure is added?
By shifting in whatever direction REDUCES the number of gas molecules (think of it like trying to make a crowded room, less crowded by removing ppl aka molecules)
How does a system restore equilibrium if volume is decreased?
By shifting in whatever direction REDUCES the number of gas molecules. Aka the reaction shifts to whichever side has fewer gas molecules
Volume and pressure are directly or indirectly related?
indirectly. as volume decreases, pressure increases
How does a system restore equilibrium if volume is increased or if pressure is decreased?
By shifting in whatever direction INCREASES the number of gas molecules. Aka the reaction shifts to whichever side has more gas molecules
Does adding an inert gas have any affect on equilibrium?
No. Inert gas isn’t part of the reaction (the gas doesn’t react). so NO SHIFT
How does adding a catalyst affect equilibrium?
It does NOT affect or shift equilibrium. It simply makes the reaction GET to equilibrium ore quickly.