1.4.1 Data Types
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What is an integer?
A whole number Can be positive or negative
What is a real?
Positive or negative number Can have fractional part
What is a character?
A single symbol Includes letters, numbers & symbols
What is a string?
A group of characters Can store one or more characters
What is Boolean?
True or False
What is a bit?
A single binary digit
What is a byte?
Eight binary digits
What is a nybble?
Four binary digits
Which bit is the least significant?
The furthest to the right
Which bit is the most significant?
The furthest to the left
What is Sign Magnitude?
The equivalent of adding a + or - sign in front of a number
How is a negative number represented using Sign Magnitude?
By adding a leading 1
How is a positive number represented using Sign Magnitude?
By adding a leading 0
Describe how a number can be put into two’s complement.
Flipping the bits of positive number Adding one
How is binary subtraction performed?
Using binary addition with a negative two’s complement number
What base is hexadecimal?
16
What characters are represented by 10-15 in hexadecimal?
A-F
What is floating point binary?
Binary numbers with a mantissa & exponent
Where is the binary point in the mantissa of floating point binary?
After the most significant bit
How is floating point binary converted into denary?
Exponent converted to denary Binary point of mantissa moved according to exponent
What is the benefit of floating point binary?
Increased precision Larger range of numbers can be stored
What is meant by normalised floating point binary?
Mantissa starts 01 for positive number Mantissa 10 for negative number
Describe how addition can be performed with two floating point binary numbers.
Both exponents the same Add mantissas Normalise result if required
Describe how subtraction can be performed with two floating point binary numbers.
Both exponents the same Mantissa of number to be subtracted converted to two’s complement Binary addition carried out Normalise result if required