Chapter 9 The Human Population

have the highest birth rates

the distribution of ages in a specific population at a certain time

percentage of members of a group who are likely to survive to a given age

movement of individuals into or out of a population

the study of population

movement of people into cities from rural areas

land that can be used to grow crops

average number of years a person is likely to live

the basic facilities and services that support a community

a model that describes how changes in a population will occur

An increase in water-borne diseases could possibly be alleviated by a. adequate sewage treatment facilities for growing populations. b. very rapid growth of large cities. c. sufficient fuel wood. d. Both (a) and (b)

Which of the following is true of human demographic trends? a. In pre industrial societies, birth rates are low and the population grows rapidly. b. When the average number of children born to each woman falls, the total population always increases. c. When birth rates and death rates are both high, the population grows slowly, if at all. d. Death rates rise in the third stage of the demographic transition.

Between 1880 and 1930 human population doubled due to a. the Industrial Revolution. b. a combination of high birth rates and lowered death rates. c. improvements in societal infrastructure and services. d. All of the above

Countries that have entered the third stage of demographic transition are most probably characterized by a. weak or developing economies. b. death rates that far exceed birth rates. c. societal conditions that favor smaller families. d. populations with a high proportion of young people.

Which of the following is a reason that wood is considered a limited resource in many developing countries? a. Wood is used in place of money to buy food. b. Fuel wood allows people to purify their water by boiling it. c. Excess wood is used to construct shantytowns. d. People cut down trees faster than they can grow.

During Stage 2 of a population’s demographic transition, the death rate a. increases b. decreases c. remains the same d. is zero

Since 1970, fertility rates have a. increased in both more-developed and less-developed countries. b. increased in more-developed and decreased in less- developed countries. c. decreased in both more-developed and less-developed countries. d. decreased in more-developed and increased in less- developed countries.

Which of the following is not a strategy that would reduce population size? a. limiting education for women b. public advertising c. economic incentives d. legal punishments

Scientists predict population sizes by using a. survivorship, migration, life expectancy, and replacement structure. b. life expectancy, age structure, fertility rate, and migration. c. replacement rate, fertility rate, age rates, and survivorship. d. age structure, survivorship, fertility rate, and migration.

Age structure data include all of the following except a. members of a population who are between 5 and 11 years old. b. the ratio of males to females in a population. c. the amount of population change due to immigration or emigration. d. the ratio of older people to younger people in a population.